HydrogelsPaper

Smart hydrogel bioinks integrated with two-dimensional nanomaterials for cardiovascular bioprinting and atherosclerosis modeling

Jiangzhou Chu, Zhi Liu, Zhongshan He, Shengbin Liu · AccScience Publishing · 2026

This review highlights the potential of smart hydrogel bioinks integrated with nanomaterials for improving cardiovascular disease modeling and bioprinting.

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Plain English summary

The paper reviews recent advancements in smart hydrogel bioinks that respond to stimuli for bioprinting models of atherosclerosis, a major cardiovascular disease. It emphasizes the integration of two-dimensional nanomaterials like graphene and black phosphorus to enhance the properties of these bioinks. The review also addresses challenges in translating these materials into practical applications, including safety and regulatory issues.

Why this matters

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death, and better models for studying them can lead to improved treatments. By using smart materials that mimic the human vascular environment, researchers can create more effective therapies and advance precision medicine.

Key findings

  • Stimuli-responsive hydrogels can improve the physiological relevance of engineered vascular tissues.
  • Integration of 2D nanomaterials enhances the properties of hydrogel bioinks.
  • Graphene provides electrical conductivity and mechanical reinforcement.
  • Black phosphorus offers biodegradability and photothermal responsiveness.
  • Key translational challenges include material standardization and regulatory approval.

What's new

The review focuses on the integration of advanced nanomaterials into hydrogel bioinks for cardiovascular applications, highlighting their multifunctional capabilities.

Limitations

The abstract does not provide experimental results or specific examples of successful applications of the proposed materials.

Commercial context

The abstract does not indicate any commercial availability or readiness of the materials discussed.

Publication

Publisher
AccScience Publishing
Publication date
July 15, 2026
Research type
Paper
License
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/

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Method note: Summaries and ratings on this page are generated by AI from the abstract only. Read the original paper for full context. · Model: gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18