Hydrogels
Hydrophilic polymer networks with high water content and tunable response.
FUTURE OF 4D PRINTING IN SOFT ROBOTICS AND INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION
A 2015–2025 review synthesizes how 4D printing with stimulus-responsive materials enables programmable, adaptive soft robotics and intelligent automation, while highlighting remaining barriers to translation.
Current 3D Printing and Developed 4D Printing Technologies in Dentistry
The record reviews how 4D printing with stimuli-responsive smart materials could enable adaptive, time-evolving dental devices, though translation to routine practice still needs further research.
Hydrogel-based flexible metamaterial for underwater acoustic carpet cloaking
A hydrogel-based flexible metamaterial is proposed for underwater acoustic carpet cloaking.
4D Printing in Biomedical Implants and Functional Healthcare Devices
A review of biomedical 4D printing that links stimuli-responsive material platforms to programmed, time-dependent actuation for implants, drug delivery, and adaptive wearables.
Light-activated gel could impact wearables, soft robotics, and more
A light-activated, biocompatible soft gel is reported to dramatically change its conductivity, supporting ionotronics-style interfaces for wearables and soft robotics.
Development and in vitro evaluation of borax cross-linked tamarind seed polysaccharide hydrogel films as an antioxidant and self-healing material for wound healing
A borax-cross-linked tamarind seed polysaccharide hydrogel film shows antioxidant activity and rapid self-healing, with in vitro hemocompatibility for wound dressing use.
Exploring 4D Printing Technology for Biomedical Applications
The editorial argues that adding a time dimension to 3D printing via stimuli-responsive materials enables dynamic, personalized biomedical devices such as adaptive implants and controlled drug-release hydrogel capsules.
4D printed hydromorph biocomposites with shape change and force generation properties: progress towards structural actuation
4D-printed flax/PLA hydromorph biocomposites can be tuned to deliver water-driven shape change with blocked force and energy density comparable to wood, supporting structural actuation design.
Polymer-Based Smart Material in 4D Printing Applications
This research explores polymer-based smart materials for 4D printing, enabling dynamic and responsive structures that adapt to environmental stimuli.
Self-Healing, Electroconductive Hydrogels for Wound Healing Applications
Electroconductive, self-healing hydrogels are reviewed as wound-care biomaterials that combine electrical responsiveness with automatic repair and bioactive performance.
Research on the application of biomaterial-based responsive hydrogels in the tumor microenvironment
Responsive hydrogels show promise in enhancing cancer treatment by adapting to the tumor microenvironment.
4D Printing Technology and Its Application Possibilities in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)
4D printing uses smart materials that can change shape or function over time in response to stimuli, offering potential for more adaptive and durable UAV components.
Exploring pNIPAM Lyogels: Experimental Study on Swelling Equilibria in Various Organic Solvents and Mixtures, Supported by COSMO-RS Analysis
pNIPAM lyogels show strong solvent-dependent swelling/shrinkage driven by hydrogen bonding, and COSMO-RS modeling links solvent–polymer interactions to swelling equilibria in pure solvents and mixtures.
Controlled release of entrapped nanoparticles from thermoresponsive hydrogels with tunable network characteristics
Temperature-driven PNIPAM hydrogel transitions can switch nanoparticle transport from subdiffusive motion to strong trapping or near-complete stopping, enabling tunable controlled release.