Defense
Adaptive armor, camouflage and reconfigurable structures for defense.
A Review of Machine Learning Applications in Mechanical Metamaterial Design
The review summarizes how machine learning models and end-to-end workflows can accelerate mechanical metamaterial design and property prediction using simulation-based validation.
Scientists discover a strange property in rice and turn it into a smart material
A rice-derived, pressure-rate-dependent effect was used to engineer a material that automatically adapts stiffness to distinguish gentle motion from sudden impacts.
Multimaterial 4D printing of adaptive and reconfigurable auxetic metastructures
Multimaterial 4D printing with PLA/PCL enables auxetic metastructures whose geometry–material coupling yields tunable mechanics, energy absorption, and thermally induced reconfigurability.
HVAF Spraying of NiTi Coatings: Microstructure, Phase Transformation and Shape Memory Behavior
HVAF spraying enables thick (100–300 µm) NiTi shape-memory alloy coatings on mild steel that can undergo martensitic transformation and exhibit thermal actuation and shape memory effects after annealing.
4D printing for crack trapping and adaptive damage-tolerant structures
A review synthesizes how 4D printing can enable crack trapping and damage-tolerant behavior through smart, metamaterial-based self-sensing and time-dependent shape change.
Thermo-mechanically coupled phase-field fracture model considering elastocaloric effect of shape memory alloy
A coupled phase-field fracture model for Mn-Cu shape memory alloys incorporates elastocaloric thermal strain from martensitic transformation to simulate crack growth and thermally assisted toughening.
3D Finite Element-Based Multiphysics Simulation of a Shape Memory Alloy Hybrid Composite Module
A coupled 3D ANSYS LS-DYNA multiphysics model for SMA hybrid composite actuators captures thermomechanical phase transformation and reproduces temperature-dependent hysteresis with experimental validation.
Rotary 4D Printing of Programmable Metamaterials on Sustainable 4D Mandrel
A rotary 4D printing workflow fabricates modular, multi-material programmable mechanical metamaterials on a shape-morphing mandrel, enabling programmable stiffness and multi-DOF shape recovery.
Transformation front kinetics in deformable ferromagnets
A continuum magneto-mechanical framework is developed to derive thermodynamic driving forces and efficiently model transformation-front kinetics in deformable ferromagnets and magnetic shape-memory alloys.
Variational phase-field modeling of fracture and fatigue in shape memory alloys: a one-dimensional study
A new 1D variational phase-field model links SMA phase transformation and damage to reproduce distinctive fracture localization and fatigue trends in Ni-Ti multi-wire samples.
Design, modelling and experimental validation of bipenniform shape memory alloy-based linear actuator integrable with hydraulic stroke amplification mechanism
A bio-inspired bipenniform SMA coil linear actuator is modelled and experimentally validated, achieving 257 N at 15 V and reduced drive mechanism weight and energy versus a stepper motor benchmark.
Thermoelastic wave-based logic for mechanically cognitive materials
Wave-scattering mechanical logic gates are built from metamaterial cells with shape-memory-alloy mechanical memory that reconfigures via thermal activation, demonstrated with measured wavefields.
Comparison of derivative-free and gradient-based minimization for multi-objective compositional design of shape memory alloys
Using physics-informed ML surrogates and optimization, gradient-based TRUST-CONSTR paired with a neural network more consistently finds SMA compositions that balance martensitic start temperature and cost than derivative-free COBYLA.
Generative Inversion for Property-Targeted Materials Design: Application to Shape Memory Alloys
A GAN-inversion framework coupled with property prediction enables property-targeted inverse design of high-performance NiTi-based shape memory alloys, validated by experimental synthesis.
FUTURE OF 4D PRINTING IN SOFT ROBOTICS AND INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION
A 2015–2025 review synthesizes how 4D printing with stimulus-responsive materials enables programmable, adaptive soft robotics and intelligent automation, while highlighting remaining barriers to translation.
Revisiting the cofactor conditions: Elimination of transition layers in compound domains
A new algebraic compatibility framework predicts conditions for eliminating transition layers and yields novel zero-elastic-energy microstructures that can improve shape-memory alloy reversibility and durability.
4D Printing Technology and Its Application Possibilities in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)
4D printing uses smart materials that can change shape or function over time in response to stimuli, offering potential for more adaptive and durable UAV components.
Stabilization of Martensite and Austenite Phases and Realization of Two-way Martensitic Transition in Co-Ni-Ga Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloy Nanoparticles
Co-Ni-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloy nanoparticles exhibit a reversible martensite–austenite transition with tunable magnetic properties, suggesting use in nanoactuators across temperatures.
Study on Acoustic Metamaterial Unit Cells: Acoustic Absorption Characteristics of Novel Tortuously Perforated Helmholtz Resonator with Consideration of Elongated Acoustic Propagation Paths
A perforated, tortuous Helmholtz-resonator unit cell is modeled and optimized to extend acoustic path length and improve low-frequency broadband sound absorption for duct mufflers.
2D-to-3D transformation of ring origami via snap-folding instabilities
By adding out-of-plane natural curvature to ring-origami rods, 2D rings can spontaneously snap into designed 3D equilibrium shapes with controllable mono- or multistability.
Design and development of one-dimensional acoustic bundle ventilated metamaterial
A one-dimensional kink-fiber acoustic meta-structured blanket is proposed and validated to enable broadband sound absorption while permitting airflow through the structure.
Acoustic metamaterial in low-frequency underwater noise mitigation
A lightweight, 3-D-printed acoustic metamaterial is proposed and lab-tested to attenuate wide-band low-frequency underwater noise via sound insulation.
HGX: Un Material Cuántico Regenerativo Autorreparable y Multifuncional para una nueva era Tecnológica
HGX is presented as a multifunctional, self-healing quantum-regenerative material claimed to improve batteries, optical fibers, quantum chips, and HL-LHC technologies.
A Pillbug-Inspired Morphing Mechanism Covered with Sliding Shells
A pillbug-inspired morphing mechanism with sliding shells is synthesized and modeled to enable a robot to curl for rolling downhill and spread for straight-line motion.