Wearables
Wearable devices, smart clothing and adaptive fabrics.
SAXS measurements of azobenzene lipid vesicles reveal buffer-dependent photoswitching and quantitative Z->E isomerisation by X-rays
SAXS shows that azobenzene lipid membranes undergo buffer-dependent photoswitching, enabling quantitative Z→E isomerisation measurements during soft X-ray exposure.
Scientists discover a strange property in rice and turn it into a smart material
A rice-derived, pressure-rate-dependent effect was used to engineer a material that automatically adapts stiffness to distinguish gentle motion from sudden impacts.
Light-activated gel could impact wearables, soft robotics, and more
A light-activated, biocompatible soft gel is reported to dramatically change its conductivity, supporting ionotronics-style interfaces for wearables and soft robotics.
Tough self-healing elastomers by molecular enforced integration of covalent and reversible networks
By molecularly enforcing mixing of reversible hydrogen-bond networks with permanent covalent crosslinks, the authors fabricate a tough dry elastomer that self-heals at room temperature.
Recent progress in 4D printing: materials, methods and applications
This review synthesizes how 4D printing couples additive methods with stimulus-responsive materials—especially shape-memory polymers—to achieve programmed, time-dependent shape and property changes, while noting reliability and scalability
3D printing on pre-stressed textiles: peel test evaluation of adhesion factors in 4D textiles
A factorial study identifies printing and pre-tension parameters that maximize peel-test adhesion between 3D-printed reinforcements and pre-stressed textile substrates in 4D textiles.
4D printed hydromorph biocomposites with shape change and force generation properties: progress towards structural actuation
4D-printed flax/PLA hydromorph biocomposites can be tuned to deliver water-driven shape change with blocked force and energy density comparable to wood, supporting structural actuation design.
Rotary 4D Printing of Programmable Metamaterials on Sustainable 4D Mandrel
A rotary 4D printing workflow fabricates modular, multi-material programmable mechanical metamaterials on a shape-morphing mandrel, enabling programmable stiffness and multi-DOF shape recovery.
Current 3D Printing and Developed 4D Printing Technologies in Dentistry
The record reviews how 4D printing with stimuli-responsive smart materials could enable adaptive, time-evolving dental devices, though translation to routine practice still needs further research.
Fundamentals and Uses of 4D Printing on Textiles
This review summarizes how 4D printing of smart, stimuli-responsive polymers on textiles can enable fabrics that change shape or properties for intelligent adaptive textile systems.
Comparison of derivative-free and gradient-based minimization for multi-objective compositional design of shape memory alloys
Using physics-informed ML surrogates and optimization, gradient-based TRUST-CONSTR paired with a neural network more consistently finds SMA compositions that balance martensitic start temperature and cost than derivative-free COBYLA.
4D Printing in Biomedical Implants and Functional Healthcare Devices
A review of biomedical 4D printing that links stimuli-responsive material platforms to programmed, time-dependent actuation for implants, drug delivery, and adaptive wearables.
Generative Inversion for Property-Targeted Materials Design: Application to Shape Memory Alloys
A GAN-inversion framework coupled with property prediction enables property-targeted inverse design of high-performance NiTi-based shape memory alloys, validated by experimental synthesis.
FUTURE OF 4D PRINTING IN SOFT ROBOTICS AND INTELLIGENT AUTOMATION
A 2015–2025 review synthesizes how 4D printing with stimulus-responsive materials enables programmable, adaptive soft robotics and intelligent automation, while highlighting remaining barriers to translation.
Study on vertical printing of thermally driven PLA actuators: residual stress modulation in FDM-based 4D printing
Vertical thermally driven PLA 4D printing can modulate residual stress via nozzle temperature and printing speed, enabling controlled multi-level bending in a fabricated thermally responsive fan-blade structure.
A 21-DOF Humanoid Dexterous Hand with Hybrid SMA-Motor Actuation: CYJ Hand-0
CYJ Hand-0 is a 21-DOF dexterous humanoid hand that uses SMA-based actuation for finger extension and lateral abduction alongside DC motor-driven flexion, validated by mechanical and kinematic experiments.
Revisiting the cofactor conditions: Elimination of transition layers in compound domains
A new algebraic compatibility framework predicts conditions for eliminating transition layers and yields novel zero-elastic-energy microstructures that can improve shape-memory alloy reversibility and durability.
Fabrication and finite element analysis of variable-sensitivity force sensor using structural modification and stiffness change of shape-memory polymer
A variable-sensitivity force sensor is fabricated and analyzed using finite element analysis, leveraging stiffness changes in a shape-memory polymer.
Self-healing 2D material composites for intelligent smart bandages: Multiphysics simulation and AI-enabled wound assessment
A study on self-healing 2D material composite bandages, combining multiphysics simulation with AI-enabled wound assessment.
Directed Shape Morphing using Kirigami-enhanced Thermoplastics
Uniform heating of Kirigami-patterned, heat-shrinkable thermoplastic bilayers can autonomously morph flat sheets into complex 3D shapes designed by geometry.
Enhancing Shape Recovery and Mechanical Properties of Bisphenol-A-Epoxy-Based Shape Memory Polymer Composites (SMPCs) Using Amine Curing Agent Blends
Blending Bisphenol-A epoxy SMP with amine curing agents and adding carbon fillers improves curing/mechanics and yields faster, stronger shape recovery, with best results at 3 wt% filler.
Development and in vitro evaluation of borax cross-linked tamarind seed polysaccharide hydrogel films as an antioxidant and self-healing material for wound healing
A borax-cross-linked tamarind seed polysaccharide hydrogel film shows antioxidant activity and rapid self-healing, with in vitro hemocompatibility for wound dressing use.
Reinforcing Shape Memory Polymers With Reclaimed Carbon Fibers: Toward Sustainable and Functional Smart Composites
Reclaimed carbon fibers can be upcycled into shape-memory polymer composites that improve strength and enable faster thermal, hot-water, and electro-activated recovery, especially with longer fibers.
Self-Healing, Electroconductive Hydrogels for Wound Healing Applications
Electroconductive, self-healing hydrogels are reviewed as wound-care biomaterials that combine electrical responsiveness with automatic repair and bioactive performance.